| Bacteria and other microorganisms |
Definitions
Microorganism:
Minute living things that are individually too small to be seen by the naked eye.
Phagocytosis:
Phagocytosis (from Greek words for eating cells) is the ingestion of microorganism or any particulate matter
by a cell. The human cells that perform this function are collectively called phagocytes.
Inflammation:
It is an immune response involving antigen – antibody reaction consequent to damage of the body’s tissues
or exposure of physiologic media to exogenous substances.
Immunity:
Involves specific defensive mechanism by defensive response when the host is invaded by foreign organisms
or other foreign substances or offending agents (pathogens or damaged tissue)
It is cell mediated and humoral (antibody formation) portions.
Vaccines:
A vaccine is a suspension of attenuated or killed microorganisms some part or product of them that will
induce immunity in a host.
Vaccination:
Or immunization; Treatment or prevention procedure, to protect human body against pathogenic (mainly
viral) diseases.
Toxoids:
Inactivated bacterial toxins - will also induce immunity against their active forms.
Chemotherapy:
Treatment of disease (aiming killing or prohibiting growth of targeted m.o.’s or cells) by using chemical.
Antibiotics:
Chemicals produced naturally by bacteria and fungi that act against other microorganisms
Or
Substances synthesized by one microorganism and are toxic to another microorganism in high dilution.
Bacteriostatic:
Antimicrobial drug that prevents microorganism from growth.
Bactericidal:
Antimicrobial drug that kill microorganism.
Narrow spectrum:
Active against limited types of microorganisms
Broad spectrum:
Active against wide range of bacteria
Virulence:
Refers to the bacterial cell ability to cause disease within the host and this can be done by different
methods according to the species of bacteria
Microorganism:
Minute living things that are individually too small to be seen by the naked eye.
Phagocytosis:
Phagocytosis (from Greek words for eating cells) is the ingestion of microorganism or any particulate matter
by a cell. The human cells that perform this function are collectively called phagocytes.
Inflammation:
It is an immune response involving antigen – antibody reaction consequent to damage of the body’s tissues
or exposure of physiologic media to exogenous substances.
Immunity:
Involves specific defensive mechanism by defensive response when the host is invaded by foreign organisms
or other foreign substances or offending agents (pathogens or damaged tissue)
It is cell mediated and humoral (antibody formation) portions.
Vaccines:
A vaccine is a suspension of attenuated or killed microorganisms some part or product of them that will
induce immunity in a host.
Vaccination:
Or immunization; Treatment or prevention procedure, to protect human body against pathogenic (mainly
viral) diseases.
Toxoids:
Inactivated bacterial toxins - will also induce immunity against their active forms.
Chemotherapy:
Treatment of disease (aiming killing or prohibiting growth of targeted m.o.’s or cells) by using chemical.
Antibiotics:
Chemicals produced naturally by bacteria and fungi that act against other microorganisms
Or
Substances synthesized by one microorganism and are toxic to another microorganism in high dilution.
Bacteriostatic:
Antimicrobial drug that prevents microorganism from growth.
Bactericidal:
Antimicrobial drug that kill microorganism.
Narrow spectrum:
Active against limited types of microorganisms
Broad spectrum:
Active against wide range of bacteria
Virulence:
Refers to the bacterial cell ability to cause disease within the host and this can be done by different
methods according to the species of bacteria
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